Albumin

白蛋白

Homo sapiensTaxon: 9606

3D-structureAlternative splicingCalciumCleavage on pair of basic residuesCopperDirect protein sequencingDisease variantDisulfide bondGlycationGlycoproteinLipid-bindingMetal-binding+8

Sequence Length

609

amino acids

Molecular Weight

69.4 kDa

theoretical

Experimental Structures

PDB entries

Related Diseases

recorded

Function

Binds water, Ca(2+), Na(+), K(+), fatty acids, hormones, bilirubin and drugs (Probable). Its main function is the regulation of the colloidal osmotic pressure of blood (Probable). Major zinc transporter in plasma, typically binds about 80% of all plasma zinc (PubMed:19021548). Major calcium and magnesium transporter in plasma, binds approximately 45% of circulating calcium and magnesium in plasma (By similarity). Potentially has more than two calcium-binding sites and might additionally bind calcium in a non-specific manner (By similarity). The shared binding site between zinc and calcium at residue Asp-273 suggests a crosstalk between zinc and calcium transport in the blood (By similarity). The rank order of affinity is zinc > calcium > magnesium (By similarity). Binds to the bacterial siderophore enterobactin and inhibits enterobactin-mediated iron uptake of E.coli from ferric transferrin, and may thereby limit the utilization of iron and growth of enteric bacteria such as E.coli (PubMed:6234017). Does not prevent iron uptake by the bacterial siderophore aerobactin (PubMed:6234017)

结合水、Ca(2+)、Na(+)、K(+)、脂肪酸、激素、胆红素和药物（可能）。其主要功能是调节血液的胶体渗透压（可能）。血浆中的主要锌转运蛋白通常结合约 80% 的血浆锌 (PubMed:19021548)。血浆中主要的钙和镁转运蛋白，结合血浆中大约 45% 的循环钙和镁（通过相似性）。可能具有两个以上的钙结合位点，并且可能另外以非特异性方式结合钙（通过相似性）。残基 Asp-273 处锌和钙之间的共享结合位点表明血液中锌和钙转运之间存在串扰（通过相似性）。亲和力的顺序是锌>钙>镁（按相似度）。与细菌铁载体肠杆菌素结合，抑制肠杆菌素介导的大肠杆菌从铁转铁蛋白中摄取铁，从而可能限制铁的利用和肠道细菌（例如大肠杆菌）的生长 (PubMed:6234017)。不会阻止细菌铁载体需氧菌素对铁的吸收 (PubMed:6234017)

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Localization & Distribution

Tissue Specificity

Plasma

Related Diseases

Hyperthyroxinemia, familial dysalbuminemic

A disorder characterized by abnormally elevated levels of total serum thyroxine (T4) in euthyroid patients. It is due to abnormal serum albumin that binds T4 with enhanced affinity.

Analbuminemia

A rare autosomal recessive disorder manifested by the presence of a very low amount of circulating serum albumin. Affected individuals manifest mild edema, hypotension, fatigue, and, occasionally, lower body lipodystrophy (mainly in adult females). The most common biochemical finding is hyperlipidemia, with a significant increase in the total and LDL cholesterol concentrations, but normal concentrations of HDL cholesterol and triglycerides.

Amino Acid Sequence

MKWVTFISLLFLFSSAYSRGVFRRDAHKSEVAHRFKDLGEENFKALVLIAFAQYLQQCPF
EDHVKLVNEVTEFAKTCVADESAENCDKSLHTLFGDKLCTVATLRETYGEMADCCAKQEP
ERNECFLQHKDDNPNLPRLVRPEVDVMCTAFHDNEETFLKKYLYEIARRHPYFYAPELLF
FAKRYKAAFTECCQAADKAACLLPKLDELRDEGKASSAKQRLKCASLQKFGERAFKAWAV

FASTA format · 609 amino acids · mass 69.4 kDa

Experimental Structures

50 PDB entries

1AO61BJ51BKE1BM01E781E7A1E7B1E7C1E7E1E7F1E7G1E7H1E7I1GNI1GNJ1H9Z1HA21HK11HK21HK31HK41HK51N5U1O9X1TF01UOR1YSX2BX82BXA2BXB2BXC2BXD2BXE2BXF2BXG2BXH2BXI2BXK2BXL2BXM2BXN2BXO2BXP2BXQ2ESG2I2Z2I302N0X2VDB2VUE

Post-Translational Modifications

•Kenitra variant is partially O-glycosylated at Thr-620. It has two new disulfide bonds Cys-600 to Cys-602 and Cys-601 to Cys-606
•Glycated in diabetic patients
•Phosphorylated by FAM20C in the extracellular medium
•Acetylated on Lys-223 by acetylsalicylic acid